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Adapting the Management System and Ergonomics in Organizations to the Personality Traits of Engineers
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ISBN: 978-606-28-1121-1
DOI: 10.5682/9786062811211
Publisher year: 2020
Edition: I
Pages: 312
Publisher: Editura Universitară
Author: Laura Mihaela Bratu
Product Code:
9786062811211
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This paper, Adapting the management system and ergonomics in organizations to the personality traits of engineers, aims to study the psychological and behavioral profile of engineers, in order to identify the optimal type of management to apply in organizations with engineers, as well as to identify strategies for arranging the workspace, in order to increase the employees' performances.
Design engineers need creativity, while production engineers need discipline. The paper aims to find a balance between the two coordinates. An appropriate leadership model is proposed for engineering organizations. The paper is the first reverse approach to management. Taking into account the elements of psychology that define the personality of engineers, an appropriate management style and a certain organization of the workspace will be adopted and adapted. In general, the management is chosen according to the type of organization and the specifics of the activity, enclosing, as in a bed of Procust, the individuals in the organization.
Design engineers need creativity, while production engineers need discipline. The paper aims to find a balance between the two coordinates. An appropriate leadership model is proposed for engineering organizations. The paper is the first reverse approach to management. Taking into account the elements of psychology that define the personality of engineers, an appropriate management style and a certain organization of the workspace will be adopted and adapted. In general, the management is chosen according to the type of organization and the specifics of the activity, enclosing, as in a bed of Procust, the individuals in the organization.
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Adapting the Management System and Ergonomics in Organizations to the Personality Traits of Engineers
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LAURA MIHAELA BRATU
The volume Adapting the management system and ergonomics in organizations to the personality traits of engineers, proposes a reflective, inductive exercise to increase the productivity of employees in the organization. Starting from the psychological and behavioral profile of the engineers, the ergonomic characteristics of the working environment in the organization are particularized: the physical environment - elements of interior design and the psycho-social environment - the organizational management. Following the modeling of the work environment according to the defining features of the engineers, as a socio-professional category, the well-being of the employees increases, because the ergonomic space constituted corresponds to the internal needs. Well-being will be directly reflected in employee results and will lead to increased productivity at the organizational level. The approach proposed in the paper, to build the physical work environment and to choose the management strategy according to the needs and expectations of employees, is antagonistic to the Procustian model, which requires the employee to adapt to a fixed work environment and the managerial approach imposed by the structure. and the specifics of the organization. Huge sums are spent by large organizations to adapt employees to the specifics, structure and internal managerial style. The employee is either elongated, by trying to develop skills, skills that he has latent or does not have at all, or is hired, by the desire to shape what he already has, to fit him as well as possible in his bed. Procust.
The approach followed by the paper: psychological characteristics of engineers - ergonomics - well-being - productivity is presented in the figure below.
The approach followed by the paper: psychological characteristics of engineers - ergonomics - well-being - productivity is presented in the figure below.
PREFACE / 14
INTRODUCTION / 16
PART I. CURRENT STATE OF SCIENTIFIC KNOWLEDGE IN THE FIELD OF ENGINEER PSYCHOLOGY, MANAGEMENT AND ERGONOMICS / 26
CHAPTER 1. THE PSYCHOLOGICAL PROCESSES AND THE PERSONALITY TRAITS OF THE ENGINEERS / 28
1.1. PERSONALITY STRUCTURE OF ENGINEERS - CURRENT STATE OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH / 28
1.2. PERSONALITY STRUCTURE OF ENGINEERS - RELATED TO GENDER / 32
1.3. ENGINEERS 'PERSONALITY STRUCTURE - ASPERGER DISORDER / 33
1.4. RELATIONSHIP OF THE PSYCHOLOGICAL AND BEHAVIORAL PROFILE OF ENGINEERS WITH MANAGERIAL AND ERGONOMIC STRUCTURES / 34
CHAPTER 2. LEADERSHIP / 44
2.1. PSYCHOLOGICAL ACCEPTANCES OF THE NOTION OF LEADERSHIP / 44
2.2. WHAT IS LEADERSHIP? / 46
2.3. MANAGEMENT VS. LEADERSHIP / 48
2.4. LEADERSHIP ANALYSIS LEVELS / 50
2.5. LEADERSHIP FORM / 50
2.5.1. Leadership type A, J and Z / 51
2.5.2. Charismatic leadership / 52
2.5.3. Transformational leadership / 55
2.5.4. Leadership - Theory of features / 57
2.5.5. Theory X and Theory Y / 59
2.5.6. The theory of maturity of subordinates / 60
2.6. LEADERSHIP STYLES / 62
2.7. DIAGNOSIS OF MANAGEMENT STYLES / 62
CHAPTER 3. ERGONOMICS OF ENGINEERING ORGANIZATIONS / 65
3.1. ERGONOMIC CONCEPT OF HEARING INFORMATION SOURCES / 67
3.2. ERGONOMIC CONCEPT OF VISUAL INFORMATION SOURCES / 68
3.3. ERGONOMIC CONCEPT OF OTHER NON - SPECIFIC STIMULUS / 69
3.4. AESTHETICS / INDUSTRIAL DESIGN / 71
PART II. STUDIES ON THE PSYCHOLOGICAL AND BEHAVIORAL PROFILE OF ENGINEERS / 72
CHAPTER 4. STUDY REGARDING THE PSYCHOLOGICAL AND BEHAVIORAL PROFILE OF ENGINEERS. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY / 74
4.1. DOCUMENTATION REGARDING METHODS AND MEANS OF RESEARCHING THE PSYCHOLOGICAL AND BEHAVIORAL PROFILE OF ENGINEERS / 74
4.2. PURPOSE OF THE RESEARCH / 76
4.3. RESEARCH OBJECTIVES / 76
4.4. ESTABLISHING WORKING HYPOTHESES / 77
4.5. THE UNIVERSE OF RESEARCH / 78
4.5.1. Description of the target group / 79
4.6. RESEARCH METHODS AND INSTRUMENTS / 82
4.6.1. Method 1. Analysis of products and activity documents / 82
4.6.2. Method 2. Social survey / 83
4.6.3. Method 3. Observation / 95
4.7. PRE-TESTING STAGE / 96
4.8. RESEARCH STAGE / 97
4.9. DATA PROCESSING AND ANALYSIS PROCEDURES / 97
CHAPTER 5. QUESTIONNAIRE-BASED RESEARCH ON ERGONOMIC MODELING OF ENGINEERS 'WORKPACE, ACCORDING TO INDIVIDUAL SENSORY SENSITIVITY / 99
5.1. OBJECTIVE 1 - ENGINEERS 'SENSITIVITY TO TOUCH STIMULUS / 100
5.2. OBJECTIVE 2 - ENGINEERS 'SENSITIVITY TO VISUAL STIMULUS / 104
5.3. OBJECTIVE 3 - ENGINEERS 'SENSITIVITY TO SPATIAL STIMULUS / 108
5.4. OBJECTIVE 4 - SENSITIVITY OF ENGINEERS TO HEARING STIMULATIONS / 114
5.5. CONCLUSIONS / 118
CHAPTER 6. PHYSICAL AND EMOTIONAL INTERACTION OF ENGINEERS WITH THE PHYSICAL AND SOCIAL WORK ENVIRONMENT, IN VIEW OF INCREASING THE EMPLOYMENT OF EMPLOYEES / 120
6.1. DEFINITION OF WELL-BEING IN THE ORGANIZATION / 120
6.2. ANALYSIS OF EMPLOYEE INTERACTION WITH THE WORK ENVIRONMENT. ENVIRONMENTAL CONTROL / 123
6.3. ANALYSIS OF THE INTERACTION OF THE EMPLOYEES WITH THE SOCIAL ENVIRONMENT, AT THE WORKPLACE. POSITIVE RELATIONS WITH OTHERS / 132
6.5. CONCLUSIONS / 135
CHAPTER 7. MANAGEMENT STYLE ANALYSIS ADOPTED BY ENGINEERS, ACCORDING TO BLAKE-MOUTON GRID / 140
CHAPTER 8. ANALYSIS OF ENGINEERS 'COMMUNICATION STYLE / 144
8.1. ANALYSIS OF ENGINEERS 'COMMUNICATION STYLES / 144
8.2. CORRELATION OF THE DATA OBTAINED WITH THOSE OF THE STATISTICAL CRITERIA / 151
CHAPTER 9. INVENTORY OF ENGINEERS 'PERSONAL VALUES / 159
9.1. INTERPRETATION OF THE SCALE OF THE QUESTIONNAIRE S.P.V / 159
9.2. COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE SCALE OF THE QUESTIONNAIRE S.P.V / 161
CHAPTER 10. GENERAL TABLE OF THE PSYCHOLOGICAL AND BEHAVIORAL PROFILE OF ENGINEERS / 164
CHAPTER 11. COMPARATIVE EVALUATION OF THE PSYCHOLOGICAL AND BEHAVIORAL PROFILE OF ENGINEERS, TEACHERS AND DOCTORS / 207
11.1. TYPES OF ENGINEERS. SOCIOPROFESIOGRAME / 207
11.2. MOTIVATION FOR THE CHOICE OF THE THREE SOCIO-PROFESSIONAL CATEGORIES - ENGINEERS, TEACHERS, DOCTORS / 208
11.3. COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE PSYCHOLOGICAL AND BEHAVIORAL PROFILE FOR THE THREE SOCIO-PROFESSIONAL CATEGORIES, ON THE BASIS OF QUESTIONNAIRE / 210
11.3.1. Workplace ergonomics questionnaire / 211
11.3.2. Communication Style Questionnaire / 218
11.3.3. Managerial style / 219
11.3.4. Inventory of personal values / 220
CHAPTER 12. EXPERIMENT CONCERNING THE CORRELATION BETWEEN ERGONOMICS, EMPLOYMENT AND EMPLOYMENT / 223
12.1. INTRODUCTION / 223
12.1.1. Problem definition / 223
12.1.2. Objectives of the experiment / 223
12.1.3. Establishing hypotheses / 224
12.2. PRESENTATION OF THE METHOD / 224
12.2.1. Subjects studied / 224
12.2.2. Tools / materials / 224
12.2.3. Research design / 229
12.2.4. Procedure / 229
12.2.5. Data analysis / 22
12.3. RESULTS / 230
12.4. CONCLUSIONS AND DISCUSSIONS / 237
CHAPTER 13. MODELING HUMAN BEHAVIOR THROUGH GAME THEORY / 243
13.1. DEFINITION OF GAME THEORY / 243
13.2. DEFINITION OF THE SOCIAL PROBLEM / 243
13.3. MODELING THE SOCIAL PROBLEM AS A GAME / 244
13.4. NASH / 246 BALANCE
13.5. PSYCHOLOGICAL ENTROPY. IRRATIONAL GAME IN GAME THEORY / 251
PART IV. FINAL CONCLUSIONS, OWN CONTRIBUTIONS, FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS / 253
CHAPTER 14. FINAL RESEARCH CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS / 254
14.1. ENVIRONMENTAL PLANNING / 254
14.1.1. Workspace organization / 254
14.1.2. Description of the space outside the building / 256
14.1.3. Arrangement of annexed spaces / 256
14.2. FAVORITE MANAGEMENT STYLE OF ENGINEERS / 259
14.3. COMMUNICATION STYLE USED BY ENGINEERS / 260
14.4. PERSONAL VALUES OF ENGINEERS / 263
14.5. EMPLOYER'S GUIDE / 264
14.5.1. Skills - constant attributes of the person, which influence his performance / 264
14.5.2. Occupational interests / 266
14.5.3. Labor values / 270
14.5.4. Working styles / 273
CHAPTER 15. SUMMARY OF OWN CONTRIBUTIONS AND FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS / 286
15.1. ORIGINAL CONTRIBUTIONS / 286
15.2. VALORIZATION OF RESEARCH RESULTS / 287
15.3. FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS / 287
BIBLIOGRAPHY / 289
INTRODUCTION / 16
PART I. CURRENT STATE OF SCIENTIFIC KNOWLEDGE IN THE FIELD OF ENGINEER PSYCHOLOGY, MANAGEMENT AND ERGONOMICS / 26
CHAPTER 1. THE PSYCHOLOGICAL PROCESSES AND THE PERSONALITY TRAITS OF THE ENGINEERS / 28
1.1. PERSONALITY STRUCTURE OF ENGINEERS - CURRENT STATE OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH / 28
1.2. PERSONALITY STRUCTURE OF ENGINEERS - RELATED TO GENDER / 32
1.3. ENGINEERS 'PERSONALITY STRUCTURE - ASPERGER DISORDER / 33
1.4. RELATIONSHIP OF THE PSYCHOLOGICAL AND BEHAVIORAL PROFILE OF ENGINEERS WITH MANAGERIAL AND ERGONOMIC STRUCTURES / 34
CHAPTER 2. LEADERSHIP / 44
2.1. PSYCHOLOGICAL ACCEPTANCES OF THE NOTION OF LEADERSHIP / 44
2.2. WHAT IS LEADERSHIP? / 46
2.3. MANAGEMENT VS. LEADERSHIP / 48
2.4. LEADERSHIP ANALYSIS LEVELS / 50
2.5. LEADERSHIP FORM / 50
2.5.1. Leadership type A, J and Z / 51
2.5.2. Charismatic leadership / 52
2.5.3. Transformational leadership / 55
2.5.4. Leadership - Theory of features / 57
2.5.5. Theory X and Theory Y / 59
2.5.6. The theory of maturity of subordinates / 60
2.6. LEADERSHIP STYLES / 62
2.7. DIAGNOSIS OF MANAGEMENT STYLES / 62
CHAPTER 3. ERGONOMICS OF ENGINEERING ORGANIZATIONS / 65
3.1. ERGONOMIC CONCEPT OF HEARING INFORMATION SOURCES / 67
3.2. ERGONOMIC CONCEPT OF VISUAL INFORMATION SOURCES / 68
3.3. ERGONOMIC CONCEPT OF OTHER NON - SPECIFIC STIMULUS / 69
3.4. AESTHETICS / INDUSTRIAL DESIGN / 71
PART II. STUDIES ON THE PSYCHOLOGICAL AND BEHAVIORAL PROFILE OF ENGINEERS / 72
CHAPTER 4. STUDY REGARDING THE PSYCHOLOGICAL AND BEHAVIORAL PROFILE OF ENGINEERS. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY / 74
4.1. DOCUMENTATION REGARDING METHODS AND MEANS OF RESEARCHING THE PSYCHOLOGICAL AND BEHAVIORAL PROFILE OF ENGINEERS / 74
4.2. PURPOSE OF THE RESEARCH / 76
4.3. RESEARCH OBJECTIVES / 76
4.4. ESTABLISHING WORKING HYPOTHESES / 77
4.5. THE UNIVERSE OF RESEARCH / 78
4.5.1. Description of the target group / 79
4.6. RESEARCH METHODS AND INSTRUMENTS / 82
4.6.1. Method 1. Analysis of products and activity documents / 82
4.6.2. Method 2. Social survey / 83
4.6.3. Method 3. Observation / 95
4.7. PRE-TESTING STAGE / 96
4.8. RESEARCH STAGE / 97
4.9. DATA PROCESSING AND ANALYSIS PROCEDURES / 97
CHAPTER 5. QUESTIONNAIRE-BASED RESEARCH ON ERGONOMIC MODELING OF ENGINEERS 'WORKPACE, ACCORDING TO INDIVIDUAL SENSORY SENSITIVITY / 99
5.1. OBJECTIVE 1 - ENGINEERS 'SENSITIVITY TO TOUCH STIMULUS / 100
5.2. OBJECTIVE 2 - ENGINEERS 'SENSITIVITY TO VISUAL STIMULUS / 104
5.3. OBJECTIVE 3 - ENGINEERS 'SENSITIVITY TO SPATIAL STIMULUS / 108
5.4. OBJECTIVE 4 - SENSITIVITY OF ENGINEERS TO HEARING STIMULATIONS / 114
5.5. CONCLUSIONS / 118
CHAPTER 6. PHYSICAL AND EMOTIONAL INTERACTION OF ENGINEERS WITH THE PHYSICAL AND SOCIAL WORK ENVIRONMENT, IN VIEW OF INCREASING THE EMPLOYMENT OF EMPLOYEES / 120
6.1. DEFINITION OF WELL-BEING IN THE ORGANIZATION / 120
6.2. ANALYSIS OF EMPLOYEE INTERACTION WITH THE WORK ENVIRONMENT. ENVIRONMENTAL CONTROL / 123
6.3. ANALYSIS OF THE INTERACTION OF THE EMPLOYEES WITH THE SOCIAL ENVIRONMENT, AT THE WORKPLACE. POSITIVE RELATIONS WITH OTHERS / 132
6.5. CONCLUSIONS / 135
CHAPTER 7. MANAGEMENT STYLE ANALYSIS ADOPTED BY ENGINEERS, ACCORDING TO BLAKE-MOUTON GRID / 140
CHAPTER 8. ANALYSIS OF ENGINEERS 'COMMUNICATION STYLE / 144
8.1. ANALYSIS OF ENGINEERS 'COMMUNICATION STYLES / 144
8.2. CORRELATION OF THE DATA OBTAINED WITH THOSE OF THE STATISTICAL CRITERIA / 151
CHAPTER 9. INVENTORY OF ENGINEERS 'PERSONAL VALUES / 159
9.1. INTERPRETATION OF THE SCALE OF THE QUESTIONNAIRE S.P.V / 159
9.2. COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE SCALE OF THE QUESTIONNAIRE S.P.V / 161
CHAPTER 10. GENERAL TABLE OF THE PSYCHOLOGICAL AND BEHAVIORAL PROFILE OF ENGINEERS / 164
CHAPTER 11. COMPARATIVE EVALUATION OF THE PSYCHOLOGICAL AND BEHAVIORAL PROFILE OF ENGINEERS, TEACHERS AND DOCTORS / 207
11.1. TYPES OF ENGINEERS. SOCIOPROFESIOGRAME / 207
11.2. MOTIVATION FOR THE CHOICE OF THE THREE SOCIO-PROFESSIONAL CATEGORIES - ENGINEERS, TEACHERS, DOCTORS / 208
11.3. COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE PSYCHOLOGICAL AND BEHAVIORAL PROFILE FOR THE THREE SOCIO-PROFESSIONAL CATEGORIES, ON THE BASIS OF QUESTIONNAIRE / 210
11.3.1. Workplace ergonomics questionnaire / 211
11.3.2. Communication Style Questionnaire / 218
11.3.3. Managerial style / 219
11.3.4. Inventory of personal values / 220
CHAPTER 12. EXPERIMENT CONCERNING THE CORRELATION BETWEEN ERGONOMICS, EMPLOYMENT AND EMPLOYMENT / 223
12.1. INTRODUCTION / 223
12.1.1. Problem definition / 223
12.1.2. Objectives of the experiment / 223
12.1.3. Establishing hypotheses / 224
12.2. PRESENTATION OF THE METHOD / 224
12.2.1. Subjects studied / 224
12.2.2. Tools / materials / 224
12.2.3. Research design / 229
12.2.4. Procedure / 229
12.2.5. Data analysis / 22
12.3. RESULTS / 230
12.4. CONCLUSIONS AND DISCUSSIONS / 237
CHAPTER 13. MODELING HUMAN BEHAVIOR THROUGH GAME THEORY / 243
13.1. DEFINITION OF GAME THEORY / 243
13.2. DEFINITION OF THE SOCIAL PROBLEM / 243
13.3. MODELING THE SOCIAL PROBLEM AS A GAME / 244
13.4. NASH / 246 BALANCE
13.5. PSYCHOLOGICAL ENTROPY. IRRATIONAL GAME IN GAME THEORY / 251
PART IV. FINAL CONCLUSIONS, OWN CONTRIBUTIONS, FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS / 253
CHAPTER 14. FINAL RESEARCH CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS / 254
14.1. ENVIRONMENTAL PLANNING / 254
14.1.1. Workspace organization / 254
14.1.2. Description of the space outside the building / 256
14.1.3. Arrangement of annexed spaces / 256
14.2. FAVORITE MANAGEMENT STYLE OF ENGINEERS / 259
14.3. COMMUNICATION STYLE USED BY ENGINEERS / 260
14.4. PERSONAL VALUES OF ENGINEERS / 263
14.5. EMPLOYER'S GUIDE / 264
14.5.1. Skills - constant attributes of the person, which influence his performance / 264
14.5.2. Occupational interests / 266
14.5.3. Labor values / 270
14.5.4. Working styles / 273
CHAPTER 15. SUMMARY OF OWN CONTRIBUTIONS AND FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS / 286
15.1. ORIGINAL CONTRIBUTIONS / 286
15.2. VALORIZATION OF RESEARCH RESULTS / 287
15.3. FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS / 287
BIBLIOGRAPHY / 289
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