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Legal sociology. Theoretical landmarks, concepts and relevant institutions in the social-legal architecture
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Publisher: Editura Universitară
Author: Cristina Ilie
Edition: I
Pages: 220
Publisher year: 2025
ISBN: 978-606-28-2159-3
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5682/9786062821593
Product Code:
9786062821593
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The volume “Legal Sociology. Theoretical References, Concepts and Relevant Institutions in the Social-Legal Architecture” proposes an analytical foray into the space of interference between sociology and law, exploring how legal norms have their origin, functioning and legitimacy within social life. The book explores the social foundation of law and the sociological relevance of legal phenomena.
Through the way the chapters are structured, the work offers a double perspective: theoretical and applicative. The first chapters provide an epistemological foundation for legal sociology, and the following present the methodology of sociological research and several relevant concepts such as social order, social norm, social control and legal norm, emphasizing their role in regulating behaviors and maintaining social balance. The last chapters treat the essential institutions of law – objective law and subjective law, legal capacity and liability – as expressions of collective values and the relationship between freedom, responsibility and justice.
Through the succession and coherence of these chapters, the volume builds a complete vision of law as a complex social phenomenon, in which legal norms, social norms and collective values are in a permanent process of interaction and adaptation.
The work is addressed to students, researchers and practitioners in the fields of sociology, law and social sciences, offering both a solid theoretical basis and an applicative tool for analyzing contemporary legal phenomena.
In a constantly changing world, legal sociology remains the discipline capable of explaining how law is shaped under the influence of society and, at the same time, how it contributes to maintaining order, justice and social balance.
Through the way the chapters are structured, the work offers a double perspective: theoretical and applicative. The first chapters provide an epistemological foundation for legal sociology, and the following present the methodology of sociological research and several relevant concepts such as social order, social norm, social control and legal norm, emphasizing their role in regulating behaviors and maintaining social balance. The last chapters treat the essential institutions of law – objective law and subjective law, legal capacity and liability – as expressions of collective values and the relationship between freedom, responsibility and justice.
Through the succession and coherence of these chapters, the volume builds a complete vision of law as a complex social phenomenon, in which legal norms, social norms and collective values are in a permanent process of interaction and adaptation.
The work is addressed to students, researchers and practitioners in the fields of sociology, law and social sciences, offering both a solid theoretical basis and an applicative tool for analyzing contemporary legal phenomena.
In a constantly changing world, legal sociology remains the discipline capable of explaining how law is shaped under the influence of society and, at the same time, how it contributes to maintaining order, justice and social balance.
The author
INTRODUCTION /9
CHAPTER I
LEGAL SOCIOLOGY: DEFINITION, OBJECT, FUNCTIONS /13
1.1. Definition of legal sociology/13
1.2. Object of legal sociology/17
1.3. Topics of legal sociology/19
1.4. Functions of legal sociology/21
CHAPTER II
PRECUURS AND FOUNDERS OF LEGAL SOCIOLOGY/ 25
2.1. Precursors of legal sociology/27
2.2. Founders of legal sociology/31
2.3. Romanian precursors of legal sociology/45
2.4. Romanian founders of legal sociology/50
CHAPTER III
RELEVANT THEORIES IN THE FIELD OF LEGAL SOCIOLOGY/55
3.1. Theory of sociological positivism/ 55
3.2. Structuralist functionalist theory/56
3.3. Conflictualist perspective in legal sociology/58
3.4. Interactionist and behavioral theories/60
3.5. Sociological jurisprudence/66
3.6. Theory of historical materialism/67
3.7. Theory of the rationality of law/69
3.8. Theory of cultural legal sociology/70
CHAPTER IV
ELEMENTS OF SOCIOLOGICAL METHODOLOGY/72
4.1. Conceptual delimitations/ 72
4.2. Stages of sociological research/74
4.3. Methods and techniques of sociological research/82
CHAPTER V
SOCIAL ORDER, SOCIAL NORM AND SOCIAL CONTROL/91
5.1. The concept of social order /91
5.2. Social norm/93
5.3. The concept of social control /94
CHAPTER VI
LAW AND LEGAL ORDER/98
6.1. Objective law/99
6.2. Subjective rights and legal obligations/105
6.2.1. Subjective law – conceptual delimitations/105
6.2.2. Forms of subjective rights/108
6.2.3. Legal obligation – analysis of the concept/113
6.3. Legal order /114
CHAPTER VII
THE NORM OF LAW AND ITS SOURCES /116
7.1. The norm of law – general characteristics /117
7.2. Sources of law – typologies and relevance/120
7.2.1. Custom /124
7.2.2. Jurisprudence /126
7.2.3. Doctrine/127
7.2.4. Normative act /128
7.2.4.1. Law /129
7.2.4.2. Decrees of the Head of State /135
7.2.4.3. Government Ordinances/136
7.2.4.4. Government Decisions/138
7.2.4.5. Acts of ministers, heads of central public institutions and heads of decentralized public services of ministries and other central specialized bodies/138
7.2.4.6. Acts of local public administration bodies/139
7.2.4.7. Constitution/139
7.2.5. Autonomous sources of law/141
7.2.6. General principles of law/141
7.2.7. International treaties and other sources of international law/142
CHAPTER VIII
PARTICIPATION OF THE PERSON IN THE LEGAL SYSTEM. TYPES OF CAPACITIES/147
8.1. Legal capacity. General notions/148
8.2. Civil capacity /149
8.2.1. Civil capacity of the natural person/151
8.2.1.1. Capacity of use of the natural person/151
8.2.1.2. Capacity of exercise of the natural person/153
8.2.2. Civil capacity of the legal person/155
8.2.2.1. Capacity of use of the legal person /157
8.2.2.2. Capacity of exercise of the legal person/158
8.3. Criminal capacity/159
CHAPTER IX
LEGAL LIABILITY: FORMS, LIMITS, EFFECTS/162
9.1. Introductory elements regarding legal liability/163
9.2. Civil liability/164
9.2.1. Contractual civil liability/165
9.2.2. Tortual civil liability/167
9.3. Criminal liability/173
9.3.1. Definition of criminal liability/173
9.3.2. Situations that eliminate the criminal nature of the act/175
9.3.3. Causes for eliminating criminal liability/185
9.3.4. Regime of criminal penalties/189
9.3.4.1. Criminal penalties applicable to adult individuals/190
9.3.4.2. Criminal liability of minors/194
9.3.4.3. Criminal liability of legal entities/197
9.3.4.4. Individualization of punishments/ 198
9.3.5. Safety measures /200
BIBLIOGRAPHY/201
CHAPTER I
LEGAL SOCIOLOGY: DEFINITION, OBJECT, FUNCTIONS /13
1.1. Definition of legal sociology/13
1.2. Object of legal sociology/17
1.3. Topics of legal sociology/19
1.4. Functions of legal sociology/21
CHAPTER II
PRECUURS AND FOUNDERS OF LEGAL SOCIOLOGY/ 25
2.1. Precursors of legal sociology/27
2.2. Founders of legal sociology/31
2.3. Romanian precursors of legal sociology/45
2.4. Romanian founders of legal sociology/50
CHAPTER III
RELEVANT THEORIES IN THE FIELD OF LEGAL SOCIOLOGY/55
3.1. Theory of sociological positivism/ 55
3.2. Structuralist functionalist theory/56
3.3. Conflictualist perspective in legal sociology/58
3.4. Interactionist and behavioral theories/60
3.5. Sociological jurisprudence/66
3.6. Theory of historical materialism/67
3.7. Theory of the rationality of law/69
3.8. Theory of cultural legal sociology/70
CHAPTER IV
ELEMENTS OF SOCIOLOGICAL METHODOLOGY/72
4.1. Conceptual delimitations/ 72
4.2. Stages of sociological research/74
4.3. Methods and techniques of sociological research/82
CHAPTER V
SOCIAL ORDER, SOCIAL NORM AND SOCIAL CONTROL/91
5.1. The concept of social order /91
5.2. Social norm/93
5.3. The concept of social control /94
CHAPTER VI
LAW AND LEGAL ORDER/98
6.1. Objective law/99
6.2. Subjective rights and legal obligations/105
6.2.1. Subjective law – conceptual delimitations/105
6.2.2. Forms of subjective rights/108
6.2.3. Legal obligation – analysis of the concept/113
6.3. Legal order /114
CHAPTER VII
THE NORM OF LAW AND ITS SOURCES /116
7.1. The norm of law – general characteristics /117
7.2. Sources of law – typologies and relevance/120
7.2.1. Custom /124
7.2.2. Jurisprudence /126
7.2.3. Doctrine/127
7.2.4. Normative act /128
7.2.4.1. Law /129
7.2.4.2. Decrees of the Head of State /135
7.2.4.3. Government Ordinances/136
7.2.4.4. Government Decisions/138
7.2.4.5. Acts of ministers, heads of central public institutions and heads of decentralized public services of ministries and other central specialized bodies/138
7.2.4.6. Acts of local public administration bodies/139
7.2.4.7. Constitution/139
7.2.5. Autonomous sources of law/141
7.2.6. General principles of law/141
7.2.7. International treaties and other sources of international law/142
CHAPTER VIII
PARTICIPATION OF THE PERSON IN THE LEGAL SYSTEM. TYPES OF CAPACITIES/147
8.1. Legal capacity. General notions/148
8.2. Civil capacity /149
8.2.1. Civil capacity of the natural person/151
8.2.1.1. Capacity of use of the natural person/151
8.2.1.2. Capacity of exercise of the natural person/153
8.2.2. Civil capacity of the legal person/155
8.2.2.1. Capacity of use of the legal person /157
8.2.2.2. Capacity of exercise of the legal person/158
8.3. Criminal capacity/159
CHAPTER IX
LEGAL LIABILITY: FORMS, LIMITS, EFFECTS/162
9.1. Introductory elements regarding legal liability/163
9.2. Civil liability/164
9.2.1. Contractual civil liability/165
9.2.2. Tortual civil liability/167
9.3. Criminal liability/173
9.3.1. Definition of criminal liability/173
9.3.2. Situations that eliminate the criminal nature of the act/175
9.3.3. Causes for eliminating criminal liability/185
9.3.4. Regime of criminal penalties/189
9.3.4.1. Criminal penalties applicable to adult individuals/190
9.3.4.2. Criminal liability of minors/194
9.3.4.3. Criminal liability of legal entities/197
9.3.4.4. Individualization of punishments/ 198
9.3.5. Safety measures /200
BIBLIOGRAPHY/201
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