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Sustainable economic growth in agriculture at EU level - Svetlana Platagea (Gombos)
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Publisher: Editura Universitară
Author: Svetlana Platagea (Gombos)
Edition: I
Pages: 244
Publisher year: 2023
ISBN: 978-606-28-1740-4
DOI: 10.5682/9786062817404
Product Code:
9786062817404
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In recent decades, globalization has transformed the world into an interconnected global society with interdependent economies and a constant flow of information, goods and people. However, with the increase in global connections, significant sustainability challenges have also arisen. In this era of globalization, guaranteeing a sustainable future for our planet and human society has become imperative.
Sustainability is a central concept in addressing the socio-environmental problems we face today. It involves meeting our current needs without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. This concept is based on three interdependent pillars: environment, economy and social.
First, the environmental dimension means protecting and conserving natural resources, reducing greenhouse gas emissions, preserving biodiversity and preventing environmental degradation. With global consumption and demand for resources increasing, it is essential to adopt sustainable practices in industries such as energy, agriculture and transportation to minimize the impact on Earth's fragile ecosystems.
Second, economic sustainability involves developing a business model that integrates social and environmental concerns into strategic decisions. Thus, the creation of responsible businesses, oriented towards sustainability, which are consistent with ethical values and have a positive impact on society and the environment, is promoted. At the same time, it invests in clean and energy-efficient technologies, which lead to a more rational use of resources and the reduction of pollution.
Finally, the social dimension of sustainability involves ensuring an equitable and inclusive level of development for all people. This involves combating social and economic inequalities, promoting human rights, access to basic services, education and improving the quality of life for all citizens of the world. It is essential that development is carried out in a balanced manner so that no individual or community is left behind.
In an era where global interdependence and interconnectedness are increasingly evident, addressing sustainability is essential to building a sustainable future. Without a responsible and integrated approach to socio-environmental challenges, we can endanger both our precious natural resources and the well-being of human society. It is therefore imperative that we pay more attention to sustainability in all aspects of our lives, from individual decision-making to government policies and actions at the global level.
Sustainability, as a matter of global concern, began to gain attention in the second part of the 20th century, as a result of increasing awareness of the negative impact of economic development on the environment and human health. This concept refers to the ability of a human system, organ or product to endure in the long term. It originated from "sustainable development", a term coined in 1987 by the seminal report of the World Commission on Environment and Development, coordinated by Norwegian Prime Minister Gro Harlem Brundtland, under the auspices of the United Nations. The report defines sustainable development as that which achieves a balance between meeting the needs of the present without jeopardizing the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. Similar concepts emphasize the need to protect fundamental common values and goods, as exemplified in the "sustainable society", i.e. a society in which economic growth is compatible with planetary limits and equitably distributed among citizens.
Sustainable development is a main target of the European Union and an issue of international credibility. It is guaranteed in Article 3.3 of the Treaty on European Union (TEU), which states that "The Union [...] shall strive for the sustainable development of Europe based on balanced economic growth and price stability, on a highly competitive social market economy, which aims at employment and social progress, as well as a high level of protection and improvement of the quality of the environment".
Recently, a growing interest among the academic community and society in general has been detected in fundamental economic and social issues, with a particular emphasis on the ecological sustainability of human life and activities. Current studies argue that the economy is not an independent and self-regulating system, but rather a subsystem of social systems, which are in turn subsystems of the natural systems that enable their existence (Van Griethuysen, 2002).
Sustainability is a central concept in addressing the socio-environmental problems we face today. It involves meeting our current needs without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. This concept is based on three interdependent pillars: environment, economy and social.
First, the environmental dimension means protecting and conserving natural resources, reducing greenhouse gas emissions, preserving biodiversity and preventing environmental degradation. With global consumption and demand for resources increasing, it is essential to adopt sustainable practices in industries such as energy, agriculture and transportation to minimize the impact on Earth's fragile ecosystems.
Second, economic sustainability involves developing a business model that integrates social and environmental concerns into strategic decisions. Thus, the creation of responsible businesses, oriented towards sustainability, which are consistent with ethical values and have a positive impact on society and the environment, is promoted. At the same time, it invests in clean and energy-efficient technologies, which lead to a more rational use of resources and the reduction of pollution.
Finally, the social dimension of sustainability involves ensuring an equitable and inclusive level of development for all people. This involves combating social and economic inequalities, promoting human rights, access to basic services, education and improving the quality of life for all citizens of the world. It is essential that development is carried out in a balanced manner so that no individual or community is left behind.
In an era where global interdependence and interconnectedness are increasingly evident, addressing sustainability is essential to building a sustainable future. Without a responsible and integrated approach to socio-environmental challenges, we can endanger both our precious natural resources and the well-being of human society. It is therefore imperative that we pay more attention to sustainability in all aspects of our lives, from individual decision-making to government policies and actions at the global level.
Sustainability, as a matter of global concern, began to gain attention in the second part of the 20th century, as a result of increasing awareness of the negative impact of economic development on the environment and human health. This concept refers to the ability of a human system, organ or product to endure in the long term. It originated from "sustainable development", a term coined in 1987 by the seminal report of the World Commission on Environment and Development, coordinated by Norwegian Prime Minister Gro Harlem Brundtland, under the auspices of the United Nations. The report defines sustainable development as that which achieves a balance between meeting the needs of the present without jeopardizing the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. Similar concepts emphasize the need to protect fundamental common values and goods, as exemplified in the "sustainable society", i.e. a society in which economic growth is compatible with planetary limits and equitably distributed among citizens.
Sustainable development is a main target of the European Union and an issue of international credibility. It is guaranteed in Article 3.3 of the Treaty on European Union (TEU), which states that "The Union [...] shall strive for the sustainable development of Europe based on balanced economic growth and price stability, on a highly competitive social market economy, which aims at employment and social progress, as well as a high level of protection and improvement of the quality of the environment".
Recently, a growing interest among the academic community and society in general has been detected in fundamental economic and social issues, with a particular emphasis on the ecological sustainability of human life and activities. Current studies argue that the economy is not an independent and self-regulating system, but rather a subsystem of social systems, which are in turn subsystems of the natural systems that enable their existence (Van Griethuysen, 2002).
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Sustainable economic growth in agriculture at EU level - Svetlana Platagea (Gombos)
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SVETLANA PLATAGEA (GOMBOS)
List of abbreviations / 9
Chapter I. Sustainability, an imperative in the era of globalization / 11
I.1. The emergence and evolution of the concept of sustainability at the global level / 15
I.1.1. Sustainable development over time / 18
I.2. Environmental governance with impact on global economic growth. The influence of environmental factors in the sustainability of agriculture / 21
I.3. Methods of sustainable economic growth / 24
I.3.1. Examples of methods of sustainable economic growth at the global level / 25
I.3.1.1. Energiewende in Germany / 28
I.3.1.2. The goal of carbon neutrality in Costa Rica / 28
I.3.1.3. The Masdar City project in the United Arab Emirates / 29
I.3.1.4. The "Green New Deal" program in the United States of America / 29
I.3.1.5. The "Forest Landscape Restoration" project in Rwanda / 29
I.3.2. Examples of sustainable economic growth methods in Romania / 30
I.4. Quantifying sustainability / 31
I.4.1. Measurement tools for quantifying sustainable development / 38
Chapter II. Implementations of the Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) at EU level / 40
II.1. PAC – historical milestones / 42
II.1.1. 1957: Treaty of Rome / 43
II.1.2. 1962: Launch of PAC / 44
II.1.3. 1992: MacSharry reform / 45
II.1.4. 2000: Agenda 2000 / 47
II.1.5. 2013: Reform of the year 2013 / 50
II.1.6. 2020: CAP post 2020 / 52
II.2. Promotion of sustainable agricultural systems at EU level / 56
II.3. Sustainable agricultural systems – opportunities and constraints / 57
II.3.1. Opportunities of sustainable agricultural systems / 58
II.3.2. Constraints of sustainable agricultural systems / 60
II.3.3. Ways of action and recommendations / 61
Chapter III. Analysis of public goods that are associated with agriculture in the EU / 65
III.1. The main indicators of public goods / 66
III.1.1. Accessibility / 66
III.1.2. Quality / 67
III.1.3. Efficiency / 69
III.1.4. Equity / 70
III.1.5. Sustainability / 71
III.2. Analysis of environmental goods / 73
III.2.1. The land fund / 74
III.2.2. Resources in agriculture / 77
III.2.3. Agricultural crops / 82
III.3. Analysis of social goods / 159
III.3.1. INS statistics of social goods / 163
III.3.2. Social goods reflected at European level through Eurostat / 170
Chapter IV. Analysis of sustainable agricultural systems in the EU / 173
IV.1. The evolution of sustainable agriculture at EU level / 174
IV.1.1. The European Green Deal / 174
IV.1.2. Farm to Fork Strategy / 175
IV.1.3. Biodiversity strategy for 2030 / 177
IV.1.4. Action plan for the circular economy / 177
IV.1.5. Building renovation strategy / 178
IV.1.6. Labeling rules for food products / 180
IV.1.7. Other programs and schemes at EU level supporting sustainable agriculture / 182
IV.1.7.1. Quality scheme of traditional agricultural products (QAP) / 182
IV.1.7.2. Ecological certification scheme of the European Union / 183
IV.2. The economic, social and environmental impact of sustainable agriculture / 184
IV.2.1. The economic impact of sustainable agriculture / 186
IV.2.2. The social impact of sustainable agriculture / 187
IV.2.3. The environmental impact of sustainable agriculture / 187
IV.3. SWOT analysis of agriculture / 188
IV.3.1. SWOT analysis of agriculture at EU level / 189
IV.3.2. SWOT analysis of agriculture in Romania / 192
IV.3.3. SWOT analysis of agriculture at the level of the Bucharest region Ilfov / 195
Chapter V. Innovation in agriculture / 199
V.1. The need for innovation in agriculture / 199
V.2. Green innovations and emerging green technologies / 200
V.3. Trends in innovation in agriculture / 201
V.4. The cluster in agriculture: an innovative strategy for sustainable and competitive development / 209
V.4.1. Defining the Cluster in the context of agriculture / 210
V.4.2. The advantages of the Cluster in agriculture / 210
V.4.3. Challenges and limits / 212
V.4.3.1. Challenges / 212
V.4.3.2. Limits / 212
V.4.4. Implementation of the Cluster in agriculture / 213
V.4.4.1. Approaches and methods / 214
V.4.4.2. Examples of success / 215
V.4.5. Implications and recommendations for the future / 216
Chapter VI. Conclusions / 218
VI.1. Research limits / 220
VI.2. Future research directions / 221
Bibliography / 224
Figures / 242
Tables / 243
Chapter I. Sustainability, an imperative in the era of globalization / 11
I.1. The emergence and evolution of the concept of sustainability at the global level / 15
I.1.1. Sustainable development over time / 18
I.2. Environmental governance with impact on global economic growth. The influence of environmental factors in the sustainability of agriculture / 21
I.3. Methods of sustainable economic growth / 24
I.3.1. Examples of methods of sustainable economic growth at the global level / 25
I.3.1.1. Energiewende in Germany / 28
I.3.1.2. The goal of carbon neutrality in Costa Rica / 28
I.3.1.3. The Masdar City project in the United Arab Emirates / 29
I.3.1.4. The "Green New Deal" program in the United States of America / 29
I.3.1.5. The "Forest Landscape Restoration" project in Rwanda / 29
I.3.2. Examples of sustainable economic growth methods in Romania / 30
I.4. Quantifying sustainability / 31
I.4.1. Measurement tools for quantifying sustainable development / 38
Chapter II. Implementations of the Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) at EU level / 40
II.1. PAC – historical milestones / 42
II.1.1. 1957: Treaty of Rome / 43
II.1.2. 1962: Launch of PAC / 44
II.1.3. 1992: MacSharry reform / 45
II.1.4. 2000: Agenda 2000 / 47
II.1.5. 2013: Reform of the year 2013 / 50
II.1.6. 2020: CAP post 2020 / 52
II.2. Promotion of sustainable agricultural systems at EU level / 56
II.3. Sustainable agricultural systems – opportunities and constraints / 57
II.3.1. Opportunities of sustainable agricultural systems / 58
II.3.2. Constraints of sustainable agricultural systems / 60
II.3.3. Ways of action and recommendations / 61
Chapter III. Analysis of public goods that are associated with agriculture in the EU / 65
III.1. The main indicators of public goods / 66
III.1.1. Accessibility / 66
III.1.2. Quality / 67
III.1.3. Efficiency / 69
III.1.4. Equity / 70
III.1.5. Sustainability / 71
III.2. Analysis of environmental goods / 73
III.2.1. The land fund / 74
III.2.2. Resources in agriculture / 77
III.2.3. Agricultural crops / 82
III.3. Analysis of social goods / 159
III.3.1. INS statistics of social goods / 163
III.3.2. Social goods reflected at European level through Eurostat / 170
Chapter IV. Analysis of sustainable agricultural systems in the EU / 173
IV.1. The evolution of sustainable agriculture at EU level / 174
IV.1.1. The European Green Deal / 174
IV.1.2. Farm to Fork Strategy / 175
IV.1.3. Biodiversity strategy for 2030 / 177
IV.1.4. Action plan for the circular economy / 177
IV.1.5. Building renovation strategy / 178
IV.1.6. Labeling rules for food products / 180
IV.1.7. Other programs and schemes at EU level supporting sustainable agriculture / 182
IV.1.7.1. Quality scheme of traditional agricultural products (QAP) / 182
IV.1.7.2. Ecological certification scheme of the European Union / 183
IV.2. The economic, social and environmental impact of sustainable agriculture / 184
IV.2.1. The economic impact of sustainable agriculture / 186
IV.2.2. The social impact of sustainable agriculture / 187
IV.2.3. The environmental impact of sustainable agriculture / 187
IV.3. SWOT analysis of agriculture / 188
IV.3.1. SWOT analysis of agriculture at EU level / 189
IV.3.2. SWOT analysis of agriculture in Romania / 192
IV.3.3. SWOT analysis of agriculture at the level of the Bucharest region Ilfov / 195
Chapter V. Innovation in agriculture / 199
V.1. The need for innovation in agriculture / 199
V.2. Green innovations and emerging green technologies / 200
V.3. Trends in innovation in agriculture / 201
V.4. The cluster in agriculture: an innovative strategy for sustainable and competitive development / 209
V.4.1. Defining the Cluster in the context of agriculture / 210
V.4.2. The advantages of the Cluster in agriculture / 210
V.4.3. Challenges and limits / 212
V.4.3.1. Challenges / 212
V.4.3.2. Limits / 212
V.4.4. Implementation of the Cluster in agriculture / 213
V.4.4.1. Approaches and methods / 214
V.4.4.2. Examples of success / 215
V.4.5. Implications and recommendations for the future / 216
Chapter VI. Conclusions / 218
VI.1. Research limits / 220
VI.2. Future research directions / 221
Bibliography / 224
Figures / 242
Tables / 243
In recent decades, globalization has transformed the world into an interconnected global society with interdependent economies and a constant flow of information, goods and people. However, with the increase in global connections, significant sustainability challenges have also arisen. In this era of globalization, guaranteeing a sustainable future for our planet and human society has become imperative.
Sustainability is a central concept in addressing the socio-environmental problems we face today. It involves meeting our current needs without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. This concept is based on three interdependent pillars: environment, economy and social.
First, the environmental dimension means protecting and conserving natural resources, reducing greenhouse gas emissions, preserving biodiversity and preventing environmental degradation. With global consumption and demand for resources increasing, it is essential to adopt sustainable practices in industries such as energy, agriculture and transportation to minimize the impact on Earth's fragile ecosystems.
Second, economic sustainability involves developing a business model that integrates social and environmental concerns into strategic decisions. Thus, the creation of responsible businesses, oriented towards sustainability, which are consistent with ethical values and have a positive impact on society and the environment, is promoted. At the same time, it invests in clean and energy-efficient technologies, which lead to a more rational use of resources and the reduction of pollution.
Finally, the social dimension of sustainability involves ensuring an equitable and inclusive level of development for all people. This involves combating social and economic inequalities, promoting human rights, access to basic services, education and improving the quality of life for all citizens of the world. It is essential that development is carried out in a balanced manner so that no individual or community is left behind.
In an era where global interdependence and interconnectedness are increasingly evident, addressing sustainability is essential to building a sustainable future. Without a responsible and integrated approach to socio-environmental challenges, we can endanger both our precious natural resources and the well-being of human society. It is therefore imperative that we pay more attention to sustainability in all aspects of our lives, from individual decision-making to government policies and actions at the global level.
Sustainability, as a matter of global concern, began to gain attention in the second part of the 20th century, as a result of increasing awareness of the negative impact of economic development on the environment and human health. This concept refers to the ability of a human system, organ or product to endure in the long term. It originated from "sustainable development", a term coined in 1987 by the seminal report of the World Commission on Environment and Development, coordinated by Norwegian Prime Minister Gro Harlem Brundtland, under the auspices of the United Nations. The report defines sustainable development as that which achieves a balance between meeting the needs of the present without jeopardizing the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. Similar concepts emphasize the need to protect fundamental common values and goods, as exemplified in the "sustainable society", i.e. a society in which economic growth is compatible with planetary limits and equitably distributed among citizens.
Sustainable development is a main target of the European Union and an issue of international credibility. It is guaranteed in Article 3.3 of the Treaty on European Union (TEU), which states that "The Union [...] shall strive for the sustainable development of Europe based on balanced economic growth and price stability, on a highly competitive social market economy, which aims at employment and social progress, as well as a high level of protection and improvement of the quality of the environment".
Recently, a growing interest among the academic community and society in general has been detected in fundamental economic and social issues, with a particular emphasis on the ecological sustainability of human life and activities. Current studies argue that the economy is not an independent and self-regulating system, but rather a subsystem of social systems, which are in turn subsystems of the natural systems that enable their existence (Van Griethuysen, 2002).
Sustainability is a central concept in addressing the socio-environmental problems we face today. It involves meeting our current needs without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. This concept is based on three interdependent pillars: environment, economy and social.
First, the environmental dimension means protecting and conserving natural resources, reducing greenhouse gas emissions, preserving biodiversity and preventing environmental degradation. With global consumption and demand for resources increasing, it is essential to adopt sustainable practices in industries such as energy, agriculture and transportation to minimize the impact on Earth's fragile ecosystems.
Second, economic sustainability involves developing a business model that integrates social and environmental concerns into strategic decisions. Thus, the creation of responsible businesses, oriented towards sustainability, which are consistent with ethical values and have a positive impact on society and the environment, is promoted. At the same time, it invests in clean and energy-efficient technologies, which lead to a more rational use of resources and the reduction of pollution.
Finally, the social dimension of sustainability involves ensuring an equitable and inclusive level of development for all people. This involves combating social and economic inequalities, promoting human rights, access to basic services, education and improving the quality of life for all citizens of the world. It is essential that development is carried out in a balanced manner so that no individual or community is left behind.
In an era where global interdependence and interconnectedness are increasingly evident, addressing sustainability is essential to building a sustainable future. Without a responsible and integrated approach to socio-environmental challenges, we can endanger both our precious natural resources and the well-being of human society. It is therefore imperative that we pay more attention to sustainability in all aspects of our lives, from individual decision-making to government policies and actions at the global level.
Sustainability, as a matter of global concern, began to gain attention in the second part of the 20th century, as a result of increasing awareness of the negative impact of economic development on the environment and human health. This concept refers to the ability of a human system, organ or product to endure in the long term. It originated from "sustainable development", a term coined in 1987 by the seminal report of the World Commission on Environment and Development, coordinated by Norwegian Prime Minister Gro Harlem Brundtland, under the auspices of the United Nations. The report defines sustainable development as that which achieves a balance between meeting the needs of the present without jeopardizing the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. Similar concepts emphasize the need to protect fundamental common values and goods, as exemplified in the "sustainable society", i.e. a society in which economic growth is compatible with planetary limits and equitably distributed among citizens.
Sustainable development is a main target of the European Union and an issue of international credibility. It is guaranteed in Article 3.3 of the Treaty on European Union (TEU), which states that "The Union [...] shall strive for the sustainable development of Europe based on balanced economic growth and price stability, on a highly competitive social market economy, which aims at employment and social progress, as well as a high level of protection and improvement of the quality of the environment".
Recently, a growing interest among the academic community and society in general has been detected in fundamental economic and social issues, with a particular emphasis on the ecological sustainability of human life and activities. Current studies argue that the economy is not an independent and self-regulating system, but rather a subsystem of social systems, which are in turn subsystems of the natural systems that enable their existence (Van Griethuysen, 2002).
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