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Editura Universitară Management of public institutions in the digital economy

Editura Universitară
50,00 Lei

Publisher: Editura Universitară

Author: Andra-Nicoleta Borţea

Edition: I

Pages: 270

Publisher year: 2026

ISBN: 978-606-28-2178-4

DOI: 10.5682/9786062821784

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Romania, as a member state of the European Union, has the obligation to align with European standards, especially in terms of digitalization of public administration. The study of the digitalization of public administration is essential to identify areas where improvement is needed and to develop proposals to achieve European standards.
Digitalization can simplify and automate many administrative processes, reducing the time needed to complete tasks and the associated costs, which leads to a correct management of public resources and a more efficient provision of public services. It can also make public administration more transparent by publishing public information and data online and can facilitate citizens' access to information.
Increasing citizen satisfaction by improving the quality and accessibility of public services or even combating social exclusion by facilitating access to public services for disadvantaged people are another example of the positive effects that digitalization brings to the governance process.
The study of the digitalization of public administration is essential to identify the opportunities and challenges associated with this process and to develop effective strategies for implementing the necessary reforms.
The digitalization of the public domain refers to the process of integrating digital technologies and solutions into various aspects of public administration, governance and service delivery. It involves leveraging digital tools, data and communication networks to transform traditional processes, improve efficiency, increase transparency and provide better public services to citizens.
The most commonly used tools to assess digitalization in a country are:
- internet penetration the percentage of the population with internet access is a fundamental indicator of digitalization, reflecting the level of connectivity and the availability of digital services for citizens;
- broadband coverage and speed the availability of high-speed broadband infrastructure, together with its coverage in urban and rural areas, indicates the accessibility and quality of internet connectivity;
- mobile connectivity the measurement of mobile phone penetration, including the number of mobile subscriptions and smartphone adoption rates, which provides information on mobile connectivity and the potential of mobile-based services;
- digital skills and literacy the assessment of digital skills and literacy levels of the population helps to understand the degree of readiness of individuals to participate in the digital economy, access digital services and use technology effectively;
- e-government services assessing the availability and adoption of e-government services, such as online service delivery, digital identification systems and e-payment options, indicate the extent to which the government has digitised processes and interacts with citizens online;
- digital economy and innovation measuring indicators related to the digital economy, such as the size of the digital sector, investment in digital technologies and the number of start-ups and innovation centres, provides insights into the level of digital entrepreneurial activity and innovation in the state;
- e-commerce and online transactions assessing the volume and growth of e-commerce transactions and online retail sales helps measure the extent to which digital platforms are used for commercial activities
ICT infrastructure assessing the quality and coverage of information and communications technology (ICT) infrastructure, including the availability of data centres, fibre optic networks and 4G/5G connectivity, provides information on the backbone that supports digitalisation efforts;
- digital inclusion measuring indicators related to digital inclusion, such as the gender gap in internet access, access of marginalised communities and the accessibility of digital services, assesses whether digitalisation efforts are reaching all segments of the population equitably;
- open data and innovation ecosystem assessing the availability of open data, government support for data-driven innovation and collaboration between the public and private sectors in promoting digital innovation can indicate the level of openness and support for a thriving digital ecosystem.

 
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CHAPTER 1. DIGITAL ECONOMY AND PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION/11
1.1. Introduction to the global digital economy/11
1.2. The European Union and the Digital Single Market. Examples of good practices/17
1.3. Peculiarities of the digital economy in Romania. Examples of good practices/29
1.4. From B2B (Business to Business) to G2C (Government to Citizens)/34
1.5. Romania’s digital public procurement system/37
CHAPTER 2. DIGITAL PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION AND PUBLIC SERVICES/41
2.1. eGovernment, digital public services and their quality/42
2.2. Digital inclusion in the European Union and the use of personal data/43
2.3. The human factor in the digitalization of public administration/48
2.4. The smart city in the digital age/52
2.5. Artificial intelligence and smart cities/54
2.6. Protection of the digital administrative system/59
CHAPTER 3. THE IMPACT OF SPECIAL EVENTS ON THE DIGITALIZATION OF PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION/63
3.1. The gap between Eastern European countries. DESI index and Romania's position/63
3.2. DESI index for 2018 and 2019/66
3.3. DESI index for 2020/67
3.4. European digital strategy regarding special events/68
3.5. Strategies and measures adopted by national governments/71
3.6. Fake news in the online environment/74
3.7. Measures adopted to combat fake news in the digital environment/76
3.8. Quantifying the effects of the events on digitalization. DESI index/78
3.9. DESI index in 2021/78
3.10. DESI index in 2022/87
CHAPTER 4. COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF DIGITALIZATION IN RELATION TO ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT/88
4.1. Context and design of the study/88
4.2. Research methodology/90
4.3. Romania. Analysis of GII, DESI and EIS indicators/103
4.4. Poland. Analysis of GII, DESI and EIS indicators/137
4.5. Bulgaria. Analysis of GII, DESI and EIS indicators/163
4.6. Finland. Analysis of GII, DESI and EIS indicators/184
4.7. Comparative analysis of data relating to the GII indicator, the DESI index and the EIS indicator/211
CHAPTER 5. MANAGEMENT ADAPTATION MEASURES TO THE CHALLENGES OF DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION/225
5.1. Current state of digitalization of public institutions in Romania/225
5.2. Infrastructure required for the digital transformation process/227
5.3. Existing human resources in public institutions in Romania/230
5.4. Adaptive strategy for the digital transformation of public institutions/233
5.5. Digital civil servant – human resources management in public institutions/238
FINAL CONCLUSIONS/245
LIST OF TABLES/247
LIST OF FIGURES/252
BIBLIOGRAPHY/256

 

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