LIST OF FIGURES/8
LIST OF TABLES/9
LIST OF GRAPHS/10
ACRONYM AND ABBREVIATIONS/11
INTRODUCTION/12
METHODOLOGICAL CONSIDERATIONS/18
CHAPTER 1. THE FISCAL PHENOMENON – CONCEPTUAL ASPECTS/19
1.1. Public goods – positive externalities/21
1.1.1. Specialized literature/21
1.1.2. Defining the concept of public good/26
1.2. The fiscal phenomenon/28
1.2.1. Features of the fiscal phenomenon/30
1.3. Fiscal behavior/31
1.4. Fiscal policy/34
1.4.1. Classification of public policy/36
1.4.2. Defining the concept of fiscal policy/38
1.5. Fiscal policy modeling/39
CHAPTER 2. SUSTAINABILITY OF SYSTEMS/43
2.1. The system/43
2.2. Stationarity stability sustainability/48
2.3. Defining the concept of sustainability/52
2.4. Autopoiesis as a species of sustainability/55
2.5. Formalization of sustainability/57
CHAPTER 3. FISCAL SUSTAINABILITY/60
3.1. The concept of fiscal sustainability /60
3.2. Discretionary fiscal sustainability/61
3.2.1. Characteristics of discretionary fiscal policy/61
3.2.2. Sustainability aspects in discretionary fiscal policy/ 62
3.3. Automatic fiscal stabilizers /63
3.3.1. Specialized literature /63
3.3.2. Defining the concept of automatic fiscal stabilizer/64
3.4. The SFA/67 mechanism
3.5. Formalizing fiscal sustainability mechanisms/69
CHAPTER 4. INSTITUTIONAL RESILIENCE/74
4.1. The concept of resilience/74
4.1.1. Specialized literature/74
4.1.2. Effects of disturbances on systems/79
4.1.3. The conceptual family of resilience/80
4.1.4. Defining the concept of resilience/82
4.2. The concept of institutional resilience/83
4.2.1. Specialized literature/83
4.2.2. Defining the concept of institutional resilience/86
4.3. The concept of resilient/88
CHAPTER 5. FISCAL RESILIENCE/93
5.1. The concept of fiscal resilience/93
5.2. Fiscal resilient/96
5.2.1 Defining the fiscal resilient/96
5.2.2. Clarifying the concept of fiscal resilience/99
5.2.3. Classification of fiscal resilience/100
5.2.4. Design of fiscal resilience/101
5.2.5. Mechanism of fiscal resilience/102
CHAPTER 6. THE ACTION OF THE FISCAL RESILIENT CASE STUDY/104
6.1. Methodological considerations/104
6.2. Postdiction/107
CHAPTER 7. RESILIENCE TO EXTERNAL NON-ECONOMIC SHOCK/117
7.1. Specialized literature/117
7.2. Preamble – the concept of external non-economic shock/119
7.2.1. Definition of the shock/119
7.2.2. Definition of the non-economic shock/121
7.2.3. Definition of the non-economic shock/122
7.2.4. Criteria for classifying external non-economic shocks/ 123
7.3. Peculiarities of resilience to external non-economic shock/124
7.3.1. Methodology for identifying the external non-economic shock/124
7.3.2. The concept of an institutional device for identifying/signalling the external non-economic shock/131
7.4. The external non-economic shock “COVID 19 pandemic” – the situation in Romania/133
7.5. Brief formalization of the fiscal resilient regarding the external non-economic shock/143
7.5.1. Logical scheme of action of the resilient /144
7.5.2. Formal aspects/148
7.5.2.1. Identification of the external non-economic shock/148
7.5.2.2. Evaluation of the external non-economic shock/149
7.5.2.3. Functioning of the resilient/153
7.5.2.4. Institutional Proposals /156
CHAPTER 8. CONCLUSIONS AND RESEARCH PERSPECTIVES /158
BIBLIOGRAPHY/165